Ministry of Mines
The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957, is a comprehensive legislation that regulates the mining and development of minerals in India. It outlines the procedures for granting mineral concessions, establishes rules for mining operations, and addresses issues related to royalties, environmental protection, and sustainable development in the mining sector. The Act aims to ensure the orderly and scientific exploitation of mineral resources under the control of the Union.
1: Act Background and ministry under which this act is:
The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957, was enacted to provide for the regulation of mines and the development of minerals under the control of the Union. This act falls under the purview of the Ministry of Mines, Government of India.
2: Enactment date, number of chapters, number of sections:
The Act was enacted on 28th December 1957. It is divided into seven chapters and has 33 sections, along with seven schedules.
3: Act Governed By:
The Act is primarily governed by the Central Government, which has the power to make rules and issue notifications for the regulation of mines and minerals. State Governments also play a crucial role in implementing the Act and granting mineral concessions. The Act involves various authorities, including the Geological Survey of India, the Indian Bureau of Mines, and the State Directorates of Mining and Geology.
4: On Whom it is applicable:
This Act applies to all individuals and entities involved in the exploration, prospecting, mining, and transportation of minerals in India. This includes mining companies, leaseholders, permit holders, and any person engaged in mining-related activities. The Act aims to regulate the entire mining sector and ensure compliance with its provisions.
5: Penalties/Punishments:
The Act prescribes penalties for various offenses, including:
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Undertaking mining operations without a valid license or lease.
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Contravening the provisions of the Act or rules made thereunder.
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Raising, transporting, or storing minerals without lawful authority.
Penalties range from monetary fines to imprisonment, depending on the nature and severity of the offense. The Act also provides for the seizure and confiscation of equipment used in illegal mining.
6: Important Pointers:
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The Act regulates the grant of mineral concessions, including reconnaissance permits, prospecting licenses, and mining leases.
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It outlines the procedures for obtaining mineral concessions, including auction processes for certain minerals.
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It specifies the periods for which prospecting licenses and mining leases may be granted or renewed.
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The Act addresses the issue of royalties and dead rent payable to the government.
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It empowers the Central Government to issue directions and make rules for the regulation of mines and minerals.
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The Act includes provisions for the conservation and systematic development of minerals.
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It also addresses the issue of illegal mining and empowers authorities to take action against violators.
7: Act Copy: