Ministry of Women and Child Development
The Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961, was enacted to prohibit the giving or taking of dowry. Dowry, the practice of transferring money, property, or valuable security from the bride’s family to the groom or his family at or before or any time after the marriage, has been a deeply rooted social issue in India, often leading to exploitation, harassment, and even violence against women. The Act aims to eradicate this practice and protect women’s rights. This Act falls under the Ministry of Women and Child Development.
Enactment Date, Number of Chapters, Number of Sections:
The Act was enacted on May 20, 1961, and came into force on July 1, 1961. It consists of 10 sections and is not divided into chapters.
Act Governed By:
The Act is enforced by law enforcement agencies and the judiciary. State Governments have the power to make rules for the Act’s implementation. Dowry Prohibition Officers are appointed to investigate and prosecute dowry-related offenses.
On Whom It Is Applicable:
The Act applies to all persons in India, irrespective of religion or caste. It prohibits both the giving and taking of dowry and makes any agreement for dowry void.
Penalties/Punishments:
The Act prescribes penalties, including imprisonment and fines, for giving, taking, or demanding dowry. It also makes offenses related to dowry cognizable and non-bailable under certain circumstances.
Important Pointers:
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Defines “dowry” broadly to include any property or valuable security given or agreed to be given in connection with a marriage.
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Prohibits the giving or taking of dowry.
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Makes agreements for giving or taking dowry void.
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Specifies that any dowry received by anyone other than the woman must be transferred to her, and pending such transfer, it must be held in trust for her.
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Makes dowry-related offenses cognizable for certain purposes, and bailable and non-compoundable.
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Provides for the appointment of Dowry Prohibition Officers.
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Empowers the Central and State Governments to make rules for the Act’s implementation.